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Rambler's Top100

Storage and processing of farm products №2/2016

THEORETICAL ASPECTS OF FARM PRODUCTS STORAGE AND PROCESSING

Kachmazov G.S., Bagaeva U.V., Karginova L.E., Lianova D.O. Induction of Pure Fungal Culture of the Physiological Activity of Oyster Mushroom (Pleurotus ostreatus) in the Laboratory Stage

P. 5-8 Key words
pleurotus ostreatus; lignin hydrolysis; chestnut leaves; sunflower husk; grapefruit mesocarp; beech sawdust; wheat bran; physiological activity; cellulose.

Abstract
Recently, significant increases in the amount of food consumed by fungi. To increase the volume of industrial production of edible fungi, further studies of the culture, conditions, conducive to faster growth and accumulation of biomass, the selection of the most balanced nutrient media for reproduction of pure culture, the development of reliable methods for monitoring at the laboratory stage of movable cycle. A comparison of the average value of the linear growth of the colony of pure culture of oyster mushrooms (Pleurotus ostreatus) under standard conditions with the average rate of oxygen consumption, estimated with method developed by the authors, has demonstrated that cultural properties and the linear dimensions of the colony growth over time cannot be used as the sole criterion for evaluating of the culture quality. Evaluation of the physiological activity of the biomass is essential criterion in the complex requirements for the quality of a pure culture, and the determination of the respiratory activity may be an objective criterion for evaluating the physiological potential of biomass. Incorporation into the culture media of cellulose and other plant polymers positively affects both the morphological and physiological properties of a pure culture. The results of measurements of the linear dimensions of the colonies indicated that the best inducers of generative activity are hydrolytic lignin, sunflower husks and wheat bran. Taking into account oxygen consumption rate the best inducers of physiological activity are wheat bran, crushed leaves of chestnut and sunflower husks.

References
Authors
Kachmazov Gennadiy Sozirovich, Candidate of Veterinary Science;
Bagaeva Uliana Vladimirovna, Candidate of Biological Science;
Karginova Liana Eduardovna, Student;
Lianova Dzerassa Olegovna, Student
North Ossetian State University after K. L. Khetagurov,
44-46 Vatutina St., Vladikavkaz, North Ossetia-Alania, 362025, Russia, This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it.



PHYSICAL AND CHEMICAL METHODS OF FARM RAW MATERIAL PROCESSING

Yanova M.A., Gusev A.I., Bindukova A.V.Deep Enrichment of Raw Materials for Flour-milling Industry

P. 9-11 Key words
enrichment; iron; grain; flour; wheat; ultrasound.

Abstract
Modern technologies of flour enrichment are reduced to fortification of the finished product with various vegetable raw materials and mineral additives. The aim of this study is justification of method of raw materials deep processing using the influence of ultrasound before grinding. The work was carried out on the basis of Agricultural University of Krasnoyarsk, the methods used for analysis and testing are reference methods. During the study, the Novosibirskaya 15 wheat grain was placed intomineral water. Territory and sonicated, getting grain enriched with iron as a result. To confirm the theory about the suitability of the proposed method for flour-milling industry, the experimental production of flour was carried out. As a result, information about the dynamics of enrichment of wheat grain was obtained, studies comparing dynamics of enrichment of wheat, oats and barley were conducted, and practical importance of the proposed method for flour-milling industry was validated and justified. The proposed technique offers great opportunities for expanding the range of grain mill products, as well as bread, pasta and other products for which the raw material is a cereal flour. The advantage of this approach is the uniform distribution of the trace element as a raw material and in the final product due to low losses during milling. In addition, you can speak with confidence about the safety of essentsealnogo stable component in the process of developing any quality flour (from wallpaper to extra). This is due to the fact that, in applying the method of ultrasonic treatment solution comes into all parts of grains, especially as the number of grains penetrates into proteins that actively hydrated with the water element enters into protein, and becomes an integral part of a complex system.

References
Authors
Yanova Marina Anatolievna, Candidate of Agricultural Science
Krasnoyarsk State Agrarian University,
90 Prospect Mira, Krasnoyarsk, 660049, Russia, This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it.
Gusev Artem Igorevich, Candidate of Technical Science
Krasnoyarsk Technological Technical School of Food Industry,
14 Pertizana Zhelezniaka St., Krasnoyarsk, 660022, Russia, This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it.
Bindukova Anna Vladimirovna
Siberian Federal University. School of Business Management and Economics,
26-a Kirenskogo St., Krasnoyarsk, 660074, Russia, This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it.



Varvarina D.K., Kharenko E.N.Changes in the Structure of Muscle Tissue Salmonid Fish Species During in the Salt Injection

P. 12-17 Key words
yield; histologic researches; injector; quality indicators; salting; fish.

Abstract
To increase performance of production salted products requires the introduction of new technologies, which will allow to intensify the process of salting while maintaining high quality. Objective: to research the changes of histological structure of muscle tissue trout in comparing methodsof salting and research the changes in the content of salt in the muscle tissue of the trout and its mass at salting depending on ways of salting. Histological researches were using a light microscope. Proved that the injection method of salting have effect on the morphology of muscle tissue. For the comparative description skilled and control samples considered by such morphological criteria as integrity or destruction myofibrils and muscle fibers, density of their arrangement, on existence or lack of cells of peripheral blood, a cross-striped striation, existence or lack of liquid in and between muscle fibers. It is established that the injection way of a salting influences morphology of muscular tissue. The intensification of diffusive and osmotic processes of a salting at injection is caused by internally effect in the form of local injection ruptures of muscular tissue of fish which within 3 days of a salting are pulled together, and at the end of process the average density of structure of muscles provides high quality of a ready-made product. Myofibrils muscle fibers at injection salt consolidation of an arrangement occurs for 3 days, whereas at the mixed - only for the fifth days that testifies to acceleration of a salting of forcing fish. Quantity of cells of peripheral blood at injection and mixed salt decreases, thus the cross-striped striation of muscles of fish remains in all samples, irrespective of a way of a salting. Saltingoccurs several orders of magnitude faster when injecting method of salting; the mass increase was 7?%.

References
Authors
Varvarina Daria Konstantinovna;
Kharenko Elena Nikolaevna, Doctor of Technical Science
All-Russian Research Institute of Fisheries and Oceanography
17 Verhnyaya Krasnoselskaya St., Moscow, 107140, Russia, This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it. , This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it.



RESEARCH ON TRAITS OF SUBSTANCES AND AGRIBUSINESS?PRODUCTS

Parfenova T.V., Novitskaya E.G., Boyarova M.D., Bardina N.V., Zadorozhniy P.A.Pumpkin Skin Chemical Composition Examination to Apply it for Food and Feed

P. 18-21 Key words
biologically active substances; skin; pulp; safety indicators; pumpkin; chemical composition.

Abstract
Plant sources of biologically active substances, pumpkin in particular, are little used today. Due to that fact the pumpkin brands grown in the territory of the Primorskiy Scientific and Research Institute of the Russian Academy of Agricultural Sciences (Ussuriysk city, Primorye Territory) were the objects of these investigations. The skin chemical compositions of all investigated samples are various. Pumpkins with both hard, solid and soft, tough skin were found among the samples. The skin thickness varied from 1.2 up to 2 mm. The skin colours were mainly from light yellow to bright orange but there were found some of green colour. Chemical composition was found to be common for all vegetable cultures: the skin contained less amount of sugars but more mineral substances and food fibers (fiber and pectin substances). b-Сarotene content is comprehensive. Comparing the b-carotene content in the examined pumpkin brands pulp and skin it was found that b-carotene content in the skin of four brands was higher than that in their pulp, and as for the other brands it was almost equal in both skin and pulp. Vitamin C content of the pumpkin pulp was in the range of 4.1 up to 13.3 mg?/?100 g, and that of the skin was in the range of 6.8 up to 12.4 mg?/?100 g. The content ofpectin substanceswas almost the same both in the skin and in the pulp (0.7-0.9?%) with minor errors in different brands. Fiber content was higher in the skin than that in the pulp. The most part of the pumpkin ash are calcium and magnesium salts. When the pumpkin skin was dried up to not more than 5-6?% of the moisture residue the concentration of all substances increased manifold. So, grounded pumpkin skin is the natural biologically active vitamin and mineral complex of the vegetable origin which tempers biologically active substances in the original natural form. The multi-functionality of the pumpkin chemical composition allows applying the products of its processing, including the skin, to improvefood products and animal feedstuffs nutritional value. It will facilitate the solution of the economic task of complex processing of the valuable agricultural functional products.

References
Authors
Parfenova Tamara Vasilievna, Candidate of Technical Science;
Novitskaya Elena Gennadievna, Candidate of Technical Science;
Boyarova Margarita Dmitrievna, Candidate of Biological Science
Far Eastern Federal University
8 Sukhanova St., Vladivostok, 690950, Russia, This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it.
Bardina Nataliya Viktorovna
Primorskiy Scientific and Research Institute of Agricultural,
30 Volozhenina St., pos. Timiriazevskiy, Ussuri region, Primorsky Krai, 692539, Russia, This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it.
Zadorozhniy Pavel Anatolievna, Candidate of Biological Science
Institute of Chemistry of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Far Eastern Branch,
159 100-letiya Vladivostoka Prospect, Vladivostok, 690022, Russia, This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it.



Zavorokhina N.V., Leontyevа N.A.Research Quality of the Sweetened Condensed Milk at Long Storage

P. 22-24 Key words
quality; the sweetened condensed milk; food security; falsification; storage.

Abstract
The paper presents the study of milk quality changes of sweetened condensed during prolonged storage. This product is put in the storage system of the state reserve and plays an important role in ensuring food security of the country. The studies were conducted by an accredited laboratory "UralTEST" (Ekaterinburg) in the period from 2011-2014. 162 samples were studied. During the research it was found that the product does not meet quality requirements, ranging from 5 to 13?% of the variability from year to year. The main reason for rejection - a violation of the fatty acid composition, which were discovered fats of vegetable origin. There were also identified the high content of moisture and organoleptic deviations. In support of this shows the structure of indicators by which established discrepancy condensed milk with sugar regulations. The changes of organoleptic characteristics when stored for a shelf life of 1-5, 6-10, 11-15 months. It was revealed that the storage of canned milk pasteurization decreases the tone, increase the intensity of the hue and sour cream product, there is a foreign taste (rancidity), which reduces the overall harmony of taste. Indicators of sweetness, flavor intensity remain unchanged. In the control sample in compliance with the storage conditions (temperature 0…10 °C, humidity up to 75?%) the quality indicators within the prescribed shelf life changed slightly (from 5 to 4.6 points). Reduced quality of flavor if stored properly is 0.4 points, while incorrect - 1.9 points. As a result of the research falsification, in this regard, it was recommended to strengthen incoming inspection of raw materials have been installed, ingredients and packaging as manufacturing plants, as well as the laying of long-term storage in the State Reserve system.

References
Authors
Zavorokhina Nataliya Valerievna, Doctor of Technical Science;
Leontyevа Nataliya Alexeevna, Post-graduate Student
Ural State Economic University,
62, 8 Marta St., Ekaterinburg, 620144, Russia, This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it.



Dmitrieva A.N., Makarova N.V.Change of Сhemical Сomposition and Antioxidant Activity of Dried Fruit during Storage

P. 25-29 Key words
antioxidant activity; anthocyanins; vacuum packaging; storage periods; dried berries; phenols; flavonoids.

Abstract
This is a study measuring the antioxidant activity of the dried berry of raw materials during prolonged storage on the example of a black currant. Using different storage options depending on the degree of crushing and packing the raw material: In a glass container, in a vacuum pack, in comminuted state, in the form of whole berries. Samples were stored at 4±2 °C protected from light. Separately stored sample with no crushed berries in a glass container at room temperature and daylight. Сhemical composition (total phenols, flavonoids and anthocyanins) and antioxidant activity [iron-regenerating activity (FRAP), the ability to inhibit the oxidation of linoleic acid and the ability to capture radicals of DPPH (2,2`-diphenyl picrylhydrazyl-1)] were analyzed. Assays were performed every 3 months during the year. The studies revealed that the antioxidant activity affect the storage temperature, the degree of grinding raw materials and packaging method. The optimum mode and storage conditions for the dry berry raw materials were identified: not minced raw storage in a vacuum packaging at a temperature of 4±2 °C, without lighting. The following conclusions are made on the results of the work: the storage temperature has an effect on the total amount of antioxidants in the raw material and on its antioxidant properties: the higher the storage temperature, the more the figures below; fineness correlated with antioxidant activity during storage: the smaller the reduction ratio, the better the properties of the raw materials are stored; packaging method determines the degree of change in performance during storage: vacuum package contains the minimum amount of oxygen that can improve the antioxidant properties of stored materials.

References
Authors
Dmitrieva Alexandra Nikolaevna, Post-graduate Student;
Makarova Nadezhda Viktorovna, Candidate of Chemical Science, Professor
Samara State Technical University
244 Molodogvardeyskaya St., Samara, 443100, Russia, This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it.



BIOTECHNOLOGICAL AND MICROBIOLOGICAL ASPECTS

Kazaryan R.V., Fabritskaya A.A., Miroshnichenko P.V.The Impact of Innovative Feed Additives "Tetra+" to Improve Lifetime Health Hens, their Productivity and Product Quality

P. 30-33 Key words
protein metabolism; biologically active substances; quality; feed additive; nutritional value; poultry; egg production.

Abstract
Presents the results of applying innovative feed additives "Tetra+", contains a complex of biologically active substances, which has a positive effect on health status of laying hens. The modalities of action of the feed additive "Tetra+" is in the relief of inflammatory processes in the liver, increasing its functional activity in detoxification of the body, normalize metabolic processes, in particular proteinsynthesis functions. It is shown that the use of polyfunctional feed additive "Tetra+" has a positive effect on the body CSD that provides the improved health status of chickens. It is established that the application of the feed additive "Tetra+" leads to normalization of metabolic processes, indicating a positive effect on protein metabolism in chickens, the high result of the use of the feed additive "Tetra+" identified in relation to the protection of the liver and kidneys. The use of food additives "Tetra+" provides improved meat quality of chickens, which in the experimental group generally refers to the first grade, and in the control group to the second. It is established that the application of the feed additive "Tetra+" leads to normalization of metabolic processes, indicating a positive effect on protein metabolism in chickens, which results in increased egg production and egg quality. The number of eggs the first grade in the experimental group exceeds 11?%, the performance of the control group, and the total number of eggs in the experimental group was 16.9?% more than the results in the control group. Thus it can be noted that the use of innovative feed additives provides improved lifetime health hens, which leads to increased productivity, improved quality chicken meat and eggs, compared with the group not receiving feed additive.

References
Authors
Kazaryan Robert Varlamovich, Doctor of Technical Science, Professor;
Fabritskaya Alla Andreevna, Post-graduate Student
Krasnodar Research Institute of Agricultural Products Storage and Processing,
2 Topolinaya Alleya, Krasnodar, 350072, Russia, This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it.
Miroshnichenko Petr Vasilievich, Candidate of Veterinary Sciences
Krasnodar Scientific Research Veterinary Institute,
1, 1-ya Liniya, Krasnodar, 350004, Russia, This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it.



Efimochkina N.R., Bykova I.B., Minaeva L.P., Markova Yu.M., Korotkevich Yu.V., Sheveleva S.A., Shilov G.Yu. The Evaluation of the Effectiveness of Antimicrobial Agents on the Levels of Contamination of Fresh Vegetables and Lettuce

P. 34-39 Key words
antimicrobial treatment; coliforms; hypochlorite; microbial contamination; vegetables and leafy salads; foodborne pathogens; enterobacteria.

Abstract
The aim of this work was to study the effectiveness of the application of electrochemically treated solutions of sodium chloride (anolyte s), as an antimicrobial agent for treatment of fresh cut lettuce and vegetables in bathes for washing and chilling. The main advantages of anolytes include high antimicrobial activity, the absence of toxic effects and reducing the risk of resistance formation in foodborne pathogens due to continuous application of activated solutions. To assess the antimicrobial action of anolyte the microbiological examination of 3 types of salad and vegetable products was conducted. Experimental samples were obtained by simulation of the process of contact treatment by anolyte solutions with active chlorine concentration of 50 and 100 mg/dm3 at 2±0,5 °C. As control the similar products obtained by washing in solutions of sodium hypochlorite was used. The efficiency of the decontamination of fresh cut lettuce and vegetables was determined in terms of total plate number of mesophilic aerobic and facultative anaerobic microorganisms, Enterobacteriaceae, including coliforms and Escherichia coli. The data showed promising applications of anolites for the decontamination of salads and fresh vegetables. In comparison with the traditional processing of raw materials (hypochlorites) solutions of anolyte with a concentration of active chlorine of 50 mg/dm3 contributes to a more effective reduction in total bacterial and enterobacteria contamination, including coliforms. In the experimental samples of chopped lettuce the total plate count averaged 4.13 lg CFU/g, while in control samples exposed to sodium hypochlorite, this level was 16?% higher; the levels of enterobacteria were respectively 2.0 and 2.44 lg CFU/g, coliforms at 1.6 and 1.9 lg CFU/g. During storage of the investigated batches of salad products within the prescribed shelf life (7 days) there was a gradual increase in the levels of microbial contamination, including exceeding the established standards in terms of total plate count (TPC) and coliforms. However, in industrial batches of salads treated with anolyte, the number of samples that fail to meet the standard for TPC, was two times lower compared to the traditional method of decontamination.

References
Authors
Efimochkina Nataliya Ramazanovna, Doctor of Biological Science;
Bykova Irina Borisovna;
Minaeva Ludmila Pavlovna, Candidate of Technical Science;
Markova Yuliya Mikhailovna;
Korotkevich Yuliya Vladimirovna;
Sheveleva Svetlana Anatolievna, Candidate of Medical Science
Research Institute of Nutrition,
2/14 Ustinskiy Proezd, Moscow, 109240, Russia, This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it.
Shilov Guriy Yurievich, Candidate of Technical Science
Belaya Dacha Trading
4 Yanichkin Proezd, Kotelniki, Moscow Region, 140053, Russia, This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it.



CONTROL OVER QUALITY ANDSAFETY OF AGRIBUSINESS PRODUCTS

Belik S.N., Avetisyan Z.E., Kosenko N.B., Gorlov I.F., Mosolov A.A., Kryuchkova V.V. Hygienic Quality and Safety Evaluation of Pollen

P. 40-44 Key words
quality; microbiological indicators; heavy metals; pollen load; physical and chemical indicators.

Abstract
Pollen (bee pollen load) is considered to be one of the most effective and popular products of apiculture. Increased human pressure on biocenoses may contribute to the accumulation of pollutants, harmful for human health, in the pollen pellet and reduce its quality. So, the quality and safety parameters of pollen from the bee yards located in the areas with varied human load were examined. To obtain pollen, the apiaries were located in the following rayons: Apiary 1 - on the territory of the Constantinovsky rayon, where there are no industrial enterprises and motorways in a radius of 20 km; Apiary 2 - in Novocherkassk, in an environmentally friendly area, a grove "Red Spring"; Apiary 3 - in Novocherkassk, Hotunok district with the heaviest industry and traffic in the city. The organoleptic and physico-chemical parameters of all the pollen samples studied were established to meet the requirements of the sanitary standards; the differences found were conditioned by different botanical composition of pollen. The quantitative content of heavy metals (HM) in the pollen did not exceed the permissible limits regulated by SanRaN. At the same time, the lead content of the pollen samples from Apiaries 2 and 3 was registered to be five and seven times (respectively) higher than of the samples from the Constantinovsky rayon; their Cd content was 12 and 85 times (respectively) higher. A six-fold increase of the Hg content in the samples from Apiary 3 was also registered. The content of pesticides, antibiotics, and mycotoxins in all samples met the requirements of the sanitary standards. The results of the research may be considered as a prerequisite for the continuous monitoring of the HM content of the bee products obtained in these areas and the pollen can be qualified as a pollution criterion.

References
Authors
Belik Svetlana Nikolaevna, Candidate of Medical Science;
Avetisyan Zita Ervandovna, Candidate of Medical Science;
Kosenko Nataliya Borisovna
Rostov State Medical University,
29 Nakhichevanskiy Per., Rosrov-na-Donu, 344022, Russia, This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it.
Gorlov Ivan Fedorovich, Doctor of Agricultural Science, Academician of RAS;
Mosolov Alexander Anatolievich, Doctor of Biological Science
Volga Region Scientific Research Institute of Meat-and-Milk Production and Processing,
6 Marshala Rokossovskogo St., Volgograd, 400131, Russia,
Kryuchkova Vera Vasilievna, Doctor of Technical Science, Professor
Don State Agrarian University
2 Krivoshlikova St., p. Persianovskiy, Oktiabrskiy District, Rostovskiy Region, 346493, Russia, This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it.



USING SECONDARY RESOURCES AND NEW TYPES OF RAW MATERIALS

Voznesenskiy I.N., Dobrovolskiy V.F., Vasilieva T.A., Zinovieva S.V.The Technological Aspects of Producing Concentrates with the Bioprotective Actions from the Natural Mineral and Organic Substrates

P. 45-48 Key words
amino acid; antioxidant; glycine; macroelement; microelement; mineral and organic substrate; mummy.

Abstract
Current progress in science and technologies often leads to the fact that the person experiencies the adverse impact of the new factors that cause a bad influence upon his health and performance. Thats why a search of the new friendly natural adaptogens for the protection of human functioning in the extreme conditions, ie, under conditions of radiation, chemical and other contaminants, remains relevant. There is a group of the natural biological protecting substances with sufficient multi-purpose activity. Many of them have a high affinity with living tissues. One o the such substances is a natural mineral and organic substrate (MOS). MOS is a natural, water-soluble substance, which is extracted as an ore from rock massives. This substance has a pronounced bio-active properties, which are manifested in the increase of efficiency, rapid restoration of physical strength, the regulation of water-salt metabolism in humans bodies. MOS is assigned to a micronutrients class which involves in the formation of the substances of essential micronutrient in the structure of coenzyme of the whole organism. The criteria for classifying MOS as a food are its safety, essential, energy value, the ability to maintain the plastic processes. In its recommended daily dose (2 g per 70 kg person), natural MOS is a source of the important elements such as potassium, magnesium, iron, manganese, chromium, boron. The results formed the basis for the development of production technology of the concentrated products with bioprotective action in encapsulated form, pasty concentrates, and various soluble beverages. The encapsulated form of such concentrates is more progressive, both in terms of production technology and in terms of increasing its consumer properties. Modern technology makes it possible to enrich the target product, natural MOS, with a precisely dosed additives in the form of vitamins, and herbs, green tea, and others. Compared with the production of tablet forms of new technology concentrates encapsulation eliminated cumbersome operations and will expand the range of biologically active additives in the final product.

References
Authors
Voznesenskiy Iliya Nikolaevich;
Dobrovolskiy Viktor Frantsevich, Doctor of Technical Science, Professor;
Vasilieva Tatiana Arkadievna, Candidate of Technical Science;
Zinovieva Svetlana Vasilievna
Research Institute of Food Concentrates Industry and Special Food Technology,
22 Izmailovo pos., Leninsky District, Moscow Region, 142718, Russia, This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it.



TECHNOLOGICAL PROCESSES, MACHINES AND EQUIPMENT

Semenov E.V., Slavjanskij A.A., Lebedeva N.N.Especially the Separation Centrifuge Rotor Suspension of Periodic Action

P. 49-52 Key words
periodic action; rotor; sedimentation; suspension; centrifuge.

Abstract
Deposition kinetics analysis problem in the suspension balanced fine substances of biological origin in the working volume of the centrifugal equipment, is very important in theoretical and practical ways. It is connected with the need to have a valid checking apparatus predicting flow of the process. Collection centrifuges of periodic action (PAC) are used in the food, medical, chemical and other industries. The characteristic design feature of these machines is the drum as a solid rotor, rotating on the shaft with the big angular velocity. The quantitative analysis of separation of suspensions at the PAC must take into account the kinetics of formation of sediment on the wall of the rotor, the concentration of processed liquid systems, variability of particles suspended in size, duration, etc. The purpose of work: on the basis of the physical-mechanical and geometrical parameters of centrifugal equipment type centrifuges, as well as precipitation based on dispersive characteristics of the treated liquid systems, generate physical and mathematical modelling of the process of sedimentation in suspensions of particles of small size in the implementation of the PAC. The object of study chosen by the process of centrifugal separation system of liquid biological origin is human blood on the plasma and elements. As the management used the coefficient of lift is a synthetic (integrative) indicator of the severity of the separation of the liquid system. On the basis of numerical experiment on analysis according to processing time of blood from the specified coefficient of lightening on laboratory equipment type multi-spin MSC-600 were equal in size to the passport for a trial period of processing blood order centrifuge 20 seconds.

References
Authors
Semenov Evgeniy Vladimirovich, Doctor of Technical Science, Professor;
Slavjanskij Anatoliy Anatolievich, Doctor of Technical Science, Professor;
Lebedeva Nataliya Nikolaevna, Candidate of Technical Science
Moscow State University of Technologies and Management named after K.G. Razumovskiy
73 Zemlyanoy Val St., Moscow, 109004, Russian, This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it.



Rudik F.Ya., Morgunova N.L., Skryabina L.Yu., Semilet N.A.Ultrasonic Treatment of the Grain During its Preparation for a Grinding

P. 53-56 Key words
humidity; grain; ash content; quality; cleaning; grind; grain moisture; ultrasound.

Abstract
The article deals with the issues related to preparation of grain for milling. We evaluated the surface contamination of grain and its condition before and after cleaning. It was found that the conventional methods for determination of ash is not possible to differentiate the performance of intra-grain mineral impurities and contamination of foreign grain. Proposed research and industrial purposes, especially for simple milling, carry out the analysis and purification of mineral deposits and producers mycotoxins accumulating in remote areas biological grain - in the beard and groove. Their treatment is difficult and contamination simplified scheme are not removed, are produced in the flour. A new method of microanalytical evaluation of grain contamination. This recording surface with a tenfold increase in the digital microscope Bresserjunior DM400, the establishment of single dislocations contamination sites. Subsequently, the area is calculated for all fixed contamination on the Compass program 3DV15. Efficiency calculation of the areas of all instantaneous contours to provide summary indicators of pollution beard and furrows grain. Cleaning grain carried in the fluid stream with exposure to ultrasonic waves, accelerating and deteriorating grain preparation for milling processes by directed acoustic cumulative flows. According to the results of research established modes of ultrasonic vibrations, enabling activation process by intensifying washing of shell corn, increase the efficiency of the internal moisture of the water molecules with the same active site of the biopolymer grain to another, with more active binding energy. It is found that ultrasonic processing can reduce the overall surface of the ash content and increase grain flour grade. Process to grain moisture rational grinding parameters (15-17?%), while the mode is intensified: 18-18.5 kHz frequency ultrasound, sound time 20-30, fluid flow temperature 30…40 °C, the ash content in the range of 1.25?%.

References
Authors
Rudik Felix Yakovlevich, Doctor of Technical Sciences, Professor;
Morgunova Natalia Lvovna, Candidate of Agricultural Sciences;
Skryabina Larisa Yurievna, Candidate of Technical Sciences;
Semilet Nikita Aleksandrovich, Post-graduate Student
Saratov State Agrarian University named after N.I. Vavilov,
8 Raduzhnaya St., Saratov,410018, Russia, This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it.