Winemaking and Viticulture №6/2014
INDUSTRY PROBLEMS
Kolesnov A., Filatova I., Maloshitskaya O., Zenina M., Pitryuk I.Methodological and expertise questions of the evaluation of wine products on presence of non-grape sugars and alcohols
| P. 4-11 | Keyword: wine, wine products, alcohol, sugar, evaluation of quality, stable isotopes technique, isotopic single element approach (ISEA), isotopic multi element approach (IMEA), identification, detection of adulterations Abstract: Applied task of the evaluation of quality of wines and other wine products, in particular its authenticity, is currently one of the most urgent and priority topics of modern food analysis and expertise. The successful solution of these topics requires the application of modern scientific and methodological developments. Use of non-grape alcohols and / or sugars is one of inadmissible ways to manipulate the composition of the processing products of grapes. The effective solution of a task of identification of additions of non-grape sugars and / or alcohols is provided with the application of the mass spectrometry of ratios of stable isotopes of light elements (IRMS / SIRA). The article deals with the main issues and recommendations for the methodological ensuring of the analysis of stable isotopes of carbon, including hardware requirements, sample preparation (extraction, purification of ethanol & sugars), conducting of measurements and expert assessment of results. It is shown that application of the so-called Isotopic Single Element Approach (ISEA) including the analysis of isotope ratios of carbon 13C / 12C in ethanol & sugars allows to get only the partial answer to a question of presence of non-grape sugars and / or alcohols in wine or wine products since this methodology doesn't allow to reveal sugar and / or the alcohols obtained from C3 plants (e. g., sugar beet, wheat, potatoes, barley, apples, etc.). Unlike the ISEA the application of the Isotopic Multi Elements Approach (IMEA), which includes the analysis of the isotope ratio of carbon 13C / 12C, oxygen 18O / 16O and hydrogen 2H / 1H, by combining of two analytical principles - the Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) and mass spectrometry (IRMS / SIRA) allows to detect all types of non-grape components, including the alcohols received from cellulose containing raw materials, sulphites waste liquor and ethylene. Authors: Kolesnov Alexandr Yuryevich, Doctor of Technical Science, Candidate of Biological Science, Leading Researcher; Filatova Irina Alexeevna, Candidate of Technical Science, Senior Researcher; Maloshitskaya Olga Alexandrovna, Candidate of Chemical Science, Senior Researcher; Zenina Margarita Anatolyevna, Researcher; Pitryuk Irina Lvovna Moscow State University of Food Production, Laboratory of Basic and Applied Researches of Quality and Food Technology, This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it. ; This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it. , This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it. , This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it. ; |
Kiselyov V.M., Kiselyova T.F., Kerimova R.I.System Analysis of Sparkling Wines Segment in the Russian Consumer Market. Part 2
| P. 12-17 | Keyword: sparkling wines, champagne, Russian consumer market, system analysis Abstract: Argued similarities and differences between the terms of sparkling wines and champagne. Explaining the reasons for the use of these terms in the Russian Federation and other countries. Shows detailed historical information on market confrontation champagne and sparkling wines. The study examined an extensive list of references. Given detailed analysis of the current state of affairs in the production of champagne and sparkling wines in Russia and other countries. Authors: Kiselyov Vladimir Mikhaylovich, Doctor of Technical Science, Professor Russian University of Economics named after G.V. Plekhanov 39, Kuznetsk pr., Kemerovo, Russia, 650992, This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it. Kiselyova Tatyana Fyodorovna, Doctor of Technical Science, Professor; Kerimova Ragima Ilgam, Graduate Student Kemerovo Technological Institute of Food Industry 52, Krasnoarmeyskaya St., Kemerovo, Russia, 650056, This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it. ; This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it. |
Aliyeva G.S., Fataliyev K. K.Modeling of Optimal Planning Organic Winemaking
| P. 18-19 | Keyword: organic wine, multistage production, raw vector, norms matrix, model calculations Abstract: Considered a mathematical model of optimization of needs for raw materials and the volume of the final product in the organization of the production of organic wine. The schemes of model functioning and calculation tasks. Authors: Aliyeva Gyulshen Sabir kyzy, Doctoral Student; Fataliyev Hasil Kamaleddin ogly, Doctor of Technical Science, Professor Azerbaijan State Agricultural University AZ2000, Azerbaijan, Gyandja. 262, Ataturka prospekt, This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it. |
WINEMAKING
Markovskiy M.G., Avanesyants R.V., Ageeva N.M., Uzunov Y.Y., Biryukov A.P.Investigation of Peroxides in Cognac Distillate
| P. 20-22 | Keyword: cognac distillates, peroxide compounds, redox processes, free radicals, optical density Abstract: The dynamics of peroxides during the storage of cognac distillates is investigated. It is shown that a quantity of peroxides in the distillate depends on the method of the preparation of distil-lates for endurance. It is established that the introduction of permanganate of potassium and per-oxide of hydrogen into the young cognac distillate activates oxidation-reduction processes with endurance. Authors: Markovsky Mikhail Grigoryevich, Candidate opf Technical Science; Avanesyants Rafail Vartanovich, Doctor of Technical Science, Senior Researcher; Ageeva Natalya Mikhaylovna, Doctor of Technical Science, Professor North-Caucasian Zonal Research Institute of Horticulture and Viticulture Uzunov Yaroslav Yuryevich, Engineer-Technologist OJSC "Phanagoria" Biryukov Alexandr Petrovich, Doctor of Technical Science, Professor Kuban State Technological University, This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it. |
Sevodina K.V., Shesternin V.I., Shkolnikova M.N., Aparneva M.A., Swvodin V.P.Red Wine from Grapes Sort Dornfelder, Grown in Conditions of the Altai Territory
| P. 23-25 | Keyword: grape wines, red wine stain, the acidity of wines, northern viticulture Abstract: Sort Dornfelder, grape variety - is high yielding winter hardy technical grade, derived 50?th Of the last century in Germany. Characterized by an intense red color and excellent varietal aroma. In Germany, the hybrid is used to produce dry, semi-dry and semi-sweet wine less. The paper demonstrates the fundamental possibility of growing grapes in the conditions of the Biisk area of the Altai Territory and produce high quality wine beverages. To compare the organoleptic characteristics derived beverages used German dry and sweet wines several manufacturers as reference samples. The chemical indicators that affect the flavor and color characteristics of beverages (in particular, acidity, content of anthocyanin coloring substances and the percentage of color formed by the polymer). It was found that the content of monomeric anthocyanins wine drinks inferior wines produced in Germany. The total content of coloring substances differ slightly. The acidity of the grapes grown in the conditions of the Altai Territory, high, and therefore it is suitable only for the production of wine beverages. Drinks are characterized by less astringent taste compared to the reference wines, with a bouquet of perfectly pronounced easily determined tone of plums, cherries, black berries. Authors: Sevodina Kseniya Valeryevna, Candidate of Technical Science, Docent; Shesternin Vladimir Igorevich, Head of the Interdepartmental Laboratory, Student; Shkolnikova Marina Nikolaevna, Doctor of Technical Science, Professor; Aparneva Marina Alexandrovna, Technologist of CJSC "Bochkarevsky Brewery", Graduate Student; Sevodin Valeriy Pavlovich, Candidate of Chemical Science, Professor Biysk Technological Institute Branch of Altai State Technical University named after I.I. Polzunov B27, Trofimova St., Biysk, Altai Krai, 659305, This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it. ; This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it. ; This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it. |
Palagina M.V., Shirshova A.A., Statsenko A.N., Fischenko E.S.Wine Beverages Quality Such as Port Wine from the Far East Vegetable Raw
| P. 26-28 | Keyword: wine beverages, port wine, quality assessment, Far East vegetative raw Abstract: In new technologies such as port wine wine drinks "Bouquet of Primorye" were used fruit wine materials from wild (or were selected using wild) plants of Far East region: Actinidia Argut (Actinidia arguta) wild; black currant (Ribes nigrum) varieties rich; red raspberry (Rubus idaeus) grade spark. Fortification used to extract Rosa rugosa (Rosa rugosa) wild. In the technology of wine beverages such as port wine used traditional schemes. In the finished beverage investigated physical and chemical properties, the content of toxic elements, ascorbic acid, phenolic compounds, including rutin and minerals. An evaluation of the quality of new wine beverages such as port wine, showing: drinks from currants, raspberries and Actinidia (with the addition of alcoholic extracts of rose hips) are new natural products from the Far East vegetable raw materials. They differ original organoleptic characteristics and sufficiently high content of bioactive substances. Authors: Palagina Marina Vsevolodovna, Doctor of Biological Science, Professor; Shirshova Anastasiya Alexandrovna, Graduate Student; Statsenko Arina Nikolaevna, Graduate Student Fischenko Evgeniya Sergeevna, Candidate of Technical Science, Docent Far Eastern Federal University bldg. 10, Ayaks-10, Russian Island, Vladivostok, Russia, 690922, This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it. ; This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it. |
VITICULTURE
Nosulchak V.A.In Defense of the Russian Ampelographical Collection The Problem of Preservation of the KubanGrape Gene Pool
| P. 29 | Authors: Nosulchak V.A., Candidate of Agriculture Science Troshin L.P, Doctor of Biological Science, Professor This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it. |
Petrov V.S.Farming System in Intensive Viticulture
| P. 30-33 | Keyword: grapes, intensification, farming system, the expansion of functions, reproduction of soil Abstract: In modern conditions the intensification of production in viticulture industry is working on a new level of agriculture, to prevent negative processes accompanied by degradation of the soil. On a par with the main task - the efficient production of high quality products, the basic elements of farming systems give new additional features aimed at the reproduction of the main means of production in agriculture - soil conservation resource potential and environmental of agroterritory agrocenoses. The modern system of agriculture in intensive viticulture is a set of organizational and technological approaches aimed at efficient production of agricultural products based on the rational use of natural resources, science-based technical solutions and reproductive functions. The main structural, organizational and technological elements of modern farming systems for intensive cultivation of grapes are: ecological and biological zoning of agroterritory; selection and placement optimization zonal-oriented variety-rootstock combinations; creation and maintenance of plantings of grapes varieties based on biology and resource potential of agroterritory; biocontent and methods of tillage; fertilizer vineyard, normable under the planned yield; bioan integrated system of plant protection against pests; ecotoxicological monitoring of ampelo-cenoses. Authors: Petrov Valeriy Semyonovich, Doctor of Agricultural Science North Caucasus Research Institute of Horticulture and Viticulture 39, 40 Let Pobedy, Krasnodar, Russia, 350901, This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it. |
Ilnitskaya E.T., Makarkina M.V.Grapes Protection from Bacterial Cancer based on Biological Control
| P. 34-38 | Keyword: Bacterial cancer, strains antagonists, biological control in the vineyards Abstract: Chronic disease of grapes bacterial cancer, causes uncontrolled tumor growth on the plant and is one of the economically important disease in the temperate climate viticulture. All organs once infected plants remain sick throughout their lives. Vegetative reproduction patients bushes leads to the production of an infected planting material that contributes to the spread of the disease. Currently, there is no completely effective methods to protect the vines from bacterial cancer. One of the most promising approaches to the management of bacterial cancer - biological control. Article reviews the foreign and domestic research on the protection of grapes from bacterial cancer based on biological control. The causative agent of bacterial cancer - bacteria of the genus Agrobacterium. Numerous taxonomic schemes have been proposed for the systematics of species Agrobacterium. The paper describes the taxonomy of the pathogen and disease etiology. Research work on the detection of living organisms and their products created as a means of protection against bacterial cancer was launched in 1972 and is now in progress. Most strains antagonists tested against bacterial cancer of grapes belongs to the genus Agrobacterium, but significant efforts have been made to identify potential biological control organisms is of this kind. The results of the study strains antagonists that have been successfully used to inhibit the activity of oncogenic Agrobacterium. Biological control is a real tool for the protection of grapes from bacterial cancer, when the effective strain is found. Authors: Ilnitskaya Elena Tarasovna, Candidate of Biological Science; Makarkina Marina Viktorovna, Junior Researcher North Caucasus Research Institute of Horticulture and Viticulture 39, 40 Let Pobedy, Krasnodar, Russia, 350901; This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it. ; This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it. |
Sundyreva M.A., Nudga T.A., Nenko N.I., Yakuba Y.F., Petrov V.S.Physiological and Biochemical Response of Species Combinations of Grapes on the Impact of Summer Abiotic Factors
| P. 39-44 | Keyword: physiological and chemical characteristics of different varieties of grapes-rootstock combinations Abstract: The article describes the features of changes of physiological and biochemical parameters of different species origin of the variety-rootstock combinations of grape during the growing season. It was found that the variety-rootstock combinations V. vinifera varieties Sultana Hungarian generally more resistant to water loss by leaves and high temperatures than variety-rootstock combinations V. vinifera varieties Sultana radiant. The most resistant to dehydration variants differ averages proline content rendering osmoprotective action. Plants with a high content of the free proline less resistant to water loss by leaves. The stability of cell membranes leaves at temperature influence was higher in grape plants grafted onto rootstock Paulsen. Membrane complex stability increases vine leaves June and August but most studied variety-rootstock combinations consistent with changes in ambient temperature. The high level of stability of the pigment and membranes vaccinated Sultana Hungarian varieties of plants corresponds to a higher level of protein content in leaves than own rooted plants. Own-rooted plants of both varieties are high in phenol carbonic acid and ascorbic acid in the leaves. Effectiveness of primary processes of photosynthesis in higher own-rooted plants, which determined a higher level of accumulation of sugars in the berries of these options. Authors: Sundyreva Mariya Andreevna, Candidate of Agricultural Science; Nudga Tatyana Alexandrovna; Nenko Nataliya Ivanovna, Doctor of Agricultural Science, Professor; Yakuba Yuriy Fyodorovich, Candidate of Technical Science; Petrov Valeriy Semyonovich, Doctor of Agricultural Science North Caucasus Research Institute of Horticulture and Viticulture 39, 40 Let Pobedy, Krasnodar, Russia, 350901, This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it. ; This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it. ; This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it. ; This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it. ; This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it. |
Batkova I.A., Makarova I.V., Akhmetzakirova K.M., Azarov O.I., Uglov V.D.Chemical Composition and Antioxidant Properties of Table Grape in Samara Region in 2013
| P. 45-48 | Keyword: grapes, antioxidant activity, chemical composition of grapes, restoring force Abstract: This article presents the results of a comparative study of the content of substances of functional direction is determined by the chemical composition and antioxidant activity of grape berries varieties Adele Millennium Moldova, Memory of the Surgeon, Kuban, Russian Concord, Charlie. In grapes berries contain sugar (mainly glucose and fructose), enzymes, vitamins, minerals, organic acids, nitrogenous phenolic and other very important to human health. Grapes contain a large quantitative polyphenols, including flavonoids, which are a major source of razveratrol. Grape flavonoids are found in all parts of the grape, including the skin, pulp and seeds. According to recent reports, found in grapes 1610 natural compounds, including the carotenoids lutein and beta-carotene. One line of research in the modern food chemistry is to obtain extracts with antioxidant activity. Antioxidants - a substance in the majority - vitamins, cleansing the body from damaging molecules, called free radicals. For the analysis of the chemical composition and antioxidant activity determination methods used to measure the total content of phenolic compounds, flavonoids, tannins, and anthocyanins, measuring the level of free radical scavenging DPPH (2,2'-diphenyl-1 picrylhydrazyl), ability to capture radicals ABTS (2,2'- azino-bis (3?ethyl-benzo-thiazoline-6?sulfonic acid)), total antioxidant power method FRAP (ferric reducing antioxidant power reagent tripiridil-2,4,6?s-triazine), antioxidant activity in model linoleic acid. Authors: Batkova Irina Andreevna, Graduate Student; Makarova Nadezhda Viktorovna, Doctor of Chemical Science, Professor; Akhmetzakirova Kamila Martovna, Student Samara State Technical University 244, main building, Molodogvardeyskaya St., Samara, Russia, 443109, This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it. ; This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it. ; This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it. Azarov Oleg Igorevich, Director; Uglov Vladimir Dmitrievich, Senior Officer Research Institute of Horticulture and Medicinal Plants "Zhigulevskie Sady" Experimental Station for Horticulture, 18 km, Samara, Russia, 443072, This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it. ; This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it. |
Fisun M.N., Egorova E.M., Yakushenko O.S., Zhemukhov R.A. Use of Herbicides in the Vineyards
| P. 49-52 | Keyword: grapes, glifosat, soil processing, productivity of bushes, quality of a crop Abstract: Early-spring weed plants: stelaria, the shepherd's bag, veronica, glechoma and others, are capable to form continuous thickets with a high projective covering that causes the strengthened carrying out of nutrients and an expenditure of a soil moisture on vineyards. Use for struggle against weed vegetation of herbicides of group glifosat (Raundap, Hurricane, Graund) provides utter annihilation of an elevated biomass of early-spring weeds without appreciable oppression of growth and efficiency of grapes. An optimum variant of application of herbicides - spraying of strips in an alignment of a number and cultivation of row-spacings by disk harrows. Annual entering of herbicides on all area of a vineyard in comparison with allotments where soil processed cultivators, for the third year is revealed decrease in biological capacity of soil, productivity of bushes and average weight of clusters, an exit of juice from berries and the maintenance in it of sugars. For long, more 2 months the period from application of pesticides before grapes maturing their accumulation in a crop is not revealed. Use of herbicides allows to raise productivity of work on early-spring processing of soil in 1.5-1.9 times that is especially important for conditions of distribution of alljuvialno-meadow soils of Kabardino-Balkariya where active increase of heat is annually marked at fast loss of a moisture. Authors: Fisun Mikhail Nikolaevich, Doctor of Agricultural Science, Professor; Yakushenko Olga Semyonovna, Candidate of Biological Science, Docent; Egorova Elena Mikhaylovna, Candidate of Agricultural Science, Docent; Kabardino-Balkaria State Agrarian University 1B St., Nalchik, Kabardino-Balkaria, Russia, 360015, This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it. ; This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it. Zhemukhov Ruslan Anatolyevich, Agronomist-Winegrower Concern "ZET-Alco" 2, Lenina St., Chornaya Rechka, Kabardino-Balkaria, Russia, 361313, This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it. |
INFORMATION
French wine — wine with style
Feyzullaev B.A., Kazakhmedov R.E., Musaibov I.M. Status and Prospects of the Dagestani Selection Experimental Station of Dagestan Scientific-Research Institute of Agriculture up to 2020
Sholts-Kulikov E.P. Congratulations on the Anniversary D.A. Moiseenko